Accepted Scientific Name: Echinopsis haematantha (Speg.) D.R.Hunt
Bradleya 9: 88 (1991); et: Cact. d'Argentine ed. 2: 57, isonym. 1997 1998
Echinopsis haematantha subs. hualfinensis f. variegata Photo by: Cactus Art
Origin and Habitat: Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar).
Synonyms:
See all synonyms of Echinopsis haematantha
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Accepted name in llifle Database:Echinopsis haematantha (Speg.) D.R.HuntBradleya 9: 88 (1991); et: Cact. d'Argentine ed. 2: 57, isonym. 1997 1998Synonymy: 44
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Description: The classical Echinopsis haematanthaSN|12412]]SN|12412]] (syn: Lobivia haematanthaSN|12414]]SN|12414]] ) is a geophyte cactus, usually solitary, or slowly branching to form small clumps with colourful flowers. The variegated form (Echinopsis haematanthaSN|12412]]SN|12412]] f. variegata) has sectors, patches or stripes with distinct shades of yellow. A very few variegated plants sprout unpredictably time by time among normal green seedling and are very rare. Plants with variegated stems are often attractive and highly prized.
Stems: Dull green, grey-green, bluish or olive-green stripped with yellow, somewhat depressed, globose to short cylindrical. 5-8 cm tall, 5-7 cm in diameter.
Ribs: 8 to 15, vertical or slightly spiralling, somewhat tuberculate, obtuse, narrow.
Areoles: Nearly circular, 5-6 mm in diameter, white, felted.
Spines: Heavy, curving, yellowish, pink/brown, orangish dark brown or black..
Central spines: Usually 1 to 4, unequal, stouter than the radials, curly, often hooked, 3-6 cm long.
Radial spines: 6 to 12, slender ± interlacing, needle-like, and more or less appressed, 05-1cm long, pale grey with a darker yellow tip.
Flower: Diurnal, broadly funnel-form, yellow to purple with usually a white or yellowish-cream throat circle, 3-4 cm wide, inner perianth segments spatulate to obovate, obtuse, stigma lobes 9-12, white. Scales on flower tube with long wool.
Fruits: Globose to ovoid, green to brownish-violet, semidry, dehiscent.
Roots: Large taproot, carrot like.
Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Echinopsis haematantha group
- Echinopsis amblayensis (Rausch) Friedrich: has rich orange-red flowers and green stigmas. Distribution: Amblayo, Salta, Argentina.
- Echinopsis amblayensis var. albispina (Rausch) Friedrich: has short, glassy, mostly cream white in variable number. Distribution: Amblayo, Salta, Argentina.
- Echinopsis haematantha (Speg.) D.R.Hunt: is an extremely variable species, with many forms and varieties. Flowers yellow to purple with usually a white or yellowish-cream throat circle. Distribution: Northern Argentina (Salta and Catamarca)
- Echinopsis haematantha subs. chorrillosensis (Rausch) J.G.Lamb.: has a deep taproot, greyish-green stems, short pale radial spines, longer curved central spine and flower colour from red through to yellow. Distribution: Chorrillos, Salta, Argentina.
- Echinopsis haematantha subs. elongata (Backeb.) J.G.Lamb.
- Echinopsis haematantha subs. hualfinensis (Rausch) J.G.Lamb.: has silky grey-green, olive-green to brownish-green stems, heavy, curving spines and orange to bright red flowers, with a white or yellowish throat circle. Distribution: Northern Argentina.
- Echinopsis haematantha subs. hualfinensis f. variegata hort.: has green and yellow variegated stems. Garden origin.
- Echinopsis haematantha subs. jasimanensis (Rausch) J.G.Lamb.
- Echinopsis haematantha var. kuehnrichii (Frič) J.G.Lamb.: has yellow, salmon, orange or carmine flowers up to 5 cm wide. The flowers throat is white or green. Distribution: Cachipampa to Potrero, Salta, Argentina.
- Lobivia drijveriana Backeb.: same as Echinopsis haematantha var. kuehnrichii? Distribution: Cachipampa to Cachi, Salta, Argentina.
- Lobivia haematantha var. fechseri (Rausch) Rausch
- Lobivia mirabunda Backeb.
Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) Nathaniel Lord Britton, Joseph Nelson Rose “Cactaceae: Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family” Courier Dover Publications, 1963
2) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey “The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass” Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug./2011
3) David Hunt, Nigel Taylor “The New Cactus Lexicon” DH Books, 2006 ISBN 0953813444, 9780953813445.
4) Edward F. Anderson “The Cactus Family” Timber Press, 2001
5) Clive Innes, Charles Glass “Cacti” Portland House, 01/May/1991
Cultivation and Propagation: Variegated cacti are regarded as choice and difficult in cultivation, but despite that many of them are relatively easy to grow. But be aware that they cannot tolerate prolonged exposure to direct sun light (especially during the hottest summer days), so grow them in half-shade or under filtered sun. They are sometime seen as grafted plants, but some of this colourful plants (those with some chlorophyll) are able to grow on their own roots and are priced by collectors.
Soil: Use mineral well-permeable substratum with little organic matter (peat, humus).
Watering: Water sparingly from March till October, and keep perfectly dry in winter, at temperatures from 5 to 15 degrees centigrade. (In general these plants are more tender and cannot endure freezing temperatures). In the rest period no high atmospheric humidity!!
Propagation: By seeds, grafting or cutting. Because the variegation is due to the presence of two kinds of plant tissue, propagating the plant must be by a vegetative method of propagation that preserves both types of tissue in relation to each other. A most common way way to cultivate this partially de-coloured cultivars is to graft them onto another cactus which has chlorophyll and which will provide sugar to the mutant scion. The chlorophyll containing bottom part of the graft, called the stock, can be any number of different columnar cactus species.
Remarks: Seeds from variegated parents often give raise to some variegated seedlings too.